ASTM D5660-1996(2004) 使用发光海生细菌毒性试验法评定化学污染的水和土壤微生物去毒的标准试验方法

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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforAssessingtheMicrobialDetoxificationofChemicallyContaminatedWaterandSoilUsingaToxicityTestwithaLuminescentMarineBacterium
【原文标准名称】:使用发光海生细菌毒性试验法评定化学污染的水和土壤微生物去毒的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD5660-1996(2004)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1996
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D34.03
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:毒理学;毒性;水;生物治疗;细菌纲;污染;环境;处理
【英文主题词】:bioluminescence;bioremediation;contaminatedsoil;contaminatedwater;detoxification;marinebacterium;toxicity
【摘要】:Thistestmethodprovidesarapidmeansofdeterminingtheacutetoxicityofanaqueouswaste,orwasteextract,priortoandfollowingbiologicaltreatment,andcontributestoassessingthepotentialbiodegradabilityofthewaste(see1.1,1.2,andNote1).ThechangeintoxicitytothemarinebacteriumP.phosphoreumwithrespecttotimemayserveasanindicationofthebiodegradationpotential.Sampleanalysesareusuallyobtainedin45to60min,withaslittleas5mLofsamplerequired(5).Sampleswithhighsuspendedsolidsconcentrationsmaytestnontoxictothebacteria,whilestillexhibitingsignificanttoxicitytofreshwaterorganisms,duetothosesuspendedsolids.Theabsorbancecorrectionprocedureincludedinthistestmethodallowsfortheanalysisofhighlycoloredlightabsorbingsamples,byprovidingameansformathematicallyadjustingthelightoutputreadingstoaccountforlightlostduetoabsorption.51.1Thistestmethod(1)coversaprocedurefortherapidevaluationofthetoxicityofwastewatersandaqueousextractsfromcontaminatedsoilsandsediments,totheluminescentmarinebacteriumPhotobacteriumphosphoreum,priortoandfollowingbiologicaltreatment.Thistestmethodismeantforuseasameanstoassesssamplesresultingfrombiotreatabilitystudies.SensitivitydataforP.phosphoreumtoover1300chemicalshavebeenreportedintheliterature(2).Someofthepublicationsareveryrelevanttothistestmethod(3).Thedataobtainedfromthistestmethod,whencombinedwithrespirometry,totalorganiccarbon(TOC),biochemicaloxygendemand(BOD),chemicaloxygendemand(COD),orspectrophotometricdata,canassistinthedeterminationofthedegreeofbiodegradabilityofacontaminantinwater,soil,orsediment(3).ThepercentagedifferencebetweentheIC20oftreatedanduntreatedsampleisusedtoassesstheprogressofdetoxification.1.2Thistestmethodisapplicabletotheevaluationofthetoxicity(toaspecificmicrobe)anditsimplicationonthebiodegradationofaqueoussamplesfromlaboratoryresearchbio-reactors(liquidorsoil),pilot-plantbiologicaltreatmentsystems,full-scalebiologicaltreatmentsystems,andlandapplicationprocesses(seeNote1and2).Note18212;Ifthebiologicallytreatedmaterialistobedischargedinsuchamannerastopotentiallyimpactsurfacewatersandgroundwater,orboth,thentheusermustconsultappropriateregulatoryguidancedocumentstodeterminethepropertestspeciesforevaluatingpotentialenvironmentalimpact(4).Correlationsbetweendataconcerningreductionintoxicityproducedbythistestmethodandbyproceduresforacuteorshort-termchronictoxicitytests,orboth,utilizinginvertebratesandfish(seeGuidesE729andE1192),shouldbeestablished,whereverpossible.Note28212;Color(especiallyredandbrown),turbidity,andsuspendedsolidsinterferewiththistestmethodbyabsorbingorreflectinglight.Inthesesituationsdataarecorrectedfortheseeffectsbyuseofanabsorbancecorrectionprocedureincludedinthistestmethod(see5.3,6.1,and6.2).1.3Theresultsofthistestmethodarereportedintermsofaninhibitoryconcentration(IC),whichisthecalculatedconcentrationofsamplerequiredtoproduceaspecificquantitativeandqualitativeinhibition.Theinhibitionmeasuredisthequantitativereductioninlightoutputofluminescentmarinebacteria(thatis,IC20representsthecalculatedconcentrationofsamplethatwouldproducea20%reductioninthelightoutputofexposedbacteriaoveraspecifiedtime).1.4ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberega......
【中国标准分类号】:Z15
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:9P.;A4
【正文语种】: