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ASTM E1949-2003 金属粘合抗应变仪的环境温度疲劳寿命的标准试验方法

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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforAmbientTemperatureFatigueLifeofMetallicBondedResistanceStrainGages
【原文标准名称】:金属粘合抗应变仪的环境温度疲劳寿命的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTME1949-2003
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2003
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E28.01
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:疲劳;机械试验;应变仪;应变;试验方法
【英文主题词】:ambient;fatiguelife;straingage
【摘要】:Straingagesarethemostwidelyuseddevicesformeasuringstrainsandforevaluatingstressesinstructures.Inmanyapplicationsthereareoftencyclicloadswhichcancausestraingagefailure.Performanceparametersofstraingagesareaffectedbyboththematerialsfromwhichtheyaremadeandtheirgeometricdesign.Thedeterminationofmoststraingageparametersrequiresmechanicaltestingthatisdestructive.Sincegagestestedforfatiguelifecannotbeusedagain,itisnecessarytotreatdatastatistically.Ingeneral,longerandwidergageswithlowerresistanceswillhavegreaterfatiguelife.Optionaladditionstogages(integralleadsareanexample)willoftenreducefatiguelife.Tobeused,straingagesmustbebondedtoastructure.Goodresults,particularlyinafatigueenvironment,dependheavilyonthematerialsusedtocleanthebondingsurface,tobondthegage,andtoprovideaprotectivecoating.Skilloftheinstallerisanothermajorfactorinsuccess.Finally,instrumentationsystemsmustbecarefullyselectedandcalibratedtoensurethattheydonotundulydegradetheperformanceofthegages.Thistestmethodencompassesonlyfullyreversedstraincycles.Fatiguefailureofastraingagemaynotinvolvevisiblecrackingorfractureofthegage,butmerelysufficientzeroshifttocompromisetheaccuracyofthegageoutputforstaticstraincomponents.1.1Thistestmethodcoversauniformprocedureforthedeterminationofstraingagefatiguelifeatambienttemperature.Asuggestedtestingequipmentdesignisincluded.1.2Thistestmethoddoesnotapplytoforcetransducersorextensometersthatusebondedresistancestraingagesassensingelements.1.3Straingagesarepartofacomplexsystemthatincludesstructure,adhesive,gage,leadwires,instrumentation,and(often)environmentalprotection.Asaresult,manythingsaffecttheperformanceofstraingages,includingusertechnique.Afurthercomplicationisthatstraingages,onceinstalled,normallycannotbereinstalledinanotherlocation.Therefore,itisnotpossibletocalibrateindividualstraingages;performancecharacteristicsarenormallypresentedonastatisticalbasis.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortoitsuse.
【中国标准分类号】:N51
【国际标准分类号】:19_060
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:


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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforCreep-FatigueTesting
【原文标准名称】:蠕变疲劳试验的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTME2714-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E08.05
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:龟裂形成
【英文主题词】:crackformation;creep;creep-fatiguedamage;cyclicdeformation;earlycrackgrowth;fatigue;metallicmaterials
【摘要】:Creep-fatiguetestingistypicallyperformedatelevatedtemperaturesandinvolvesthesequentialorsimultaneousapplicationoftheloadingconditionsnecessarytogeneratecyclicdeformation/damageenhancedbycreepdeformation/damageorviceversa.Unlesssuchtestsareperformedinvacuumoraninertenvironment,oxidationcanalsoberesponsibleforimportantinteractioneffectsrelatingtodamageaccumulation.Thepurposeofcreep-fatiguetestscanbetodeterminematerialpropertydatafor(a)assessmentinputdataforthedeformationanddamageconditionanalysisofengineeringstructuresoperatingatelevatedtemperatures(b)theverificationofconstitutivedeformationanddamagemodeleffectiveness(c)materialcharacterization,or(d)developmentandverificationofrulesfornewconstructionandlifeassessmentofhigh-temperaturecomponentssubjecttocyclicservicewithlowfrequenciesorwithperiodsofsteadyoperation,orboth.Ineverycase,itisadvisabletohavecomplementarycontinuouscyclingfatiguedata(gatheredatthesamestrain/loadingrate)andcreepdatadeterminedfromtestconductedasperPracticeE139forthesamematerialandtesttemperature(s).Theprocedureisprimarilyconcernedwiththetestingofroundbartestspecimenssubjected(atleastremotely)touniaxialloadingineitherforceorstraincontrol.Thefocusoftheprocedureisontestsinwhichcreepandfatiguedeformationanddamageisgeneratedsimultaneouslywithinagivencycle.Datawhichmaybedeterminedfromcreep-fatiguetestsperformedundersuchconditionsmaycharacterize(a)cyclicstress-straindeformationresponse(b)cycliccreep(orrelaxation)deformationresponse(c)cyclichardening,cyclicsofteningresponseor(d)cyclestocrackformation,orboth.4.3WhilethereareanumberoftestingStandardsandCodesofPracticethatcoverthedeterminationoflowcyclefatiguedeformationandcyclestocrackinitiationproperties(SeePracticeE606,BS7270:2000,JISZ2279x2013;1992,PrEN3874,1998,PrEN3988x2013;1998,ISO12106x2013;2003,ISO12111x2013;2005,andPracticeE2368-04and(1,2,3),someofwhichprovideguidancefortestingathightemperature(forexample,PracticeE606,ISO12106x2013;2003,andPracticeE2368-04,thereisnosinglestandardwhichspecificallyprescribesaprocedureforcreep-fatiguetesting.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofmechanicalpropertiespertainingtocreep-fatiguedeformationorcrackformationinnominallyhomogeneousmaterials,orbothbytheuseoftestspecimenssubjectedtouniaxialforcesunderisothermalconditions.Itconcernsfatiguetestingatstrainratesorwithcyclesinvolvingsufficientlylongholdtimestoberesponsibleforthecyclicdeformationresponseandcyclestocrackformationtobeaffectedbycreep(andoxidation).Itisintendedasatestmethodforfatiguetestingperformedinsupportofsuchactivitiesasmaterialsresearchanddevelopment,mechanicaldesign,processandqualitycontrol,productperformance,andfailureanalysis.Thecycliccondi......
【中国标准分类号】:H22
【国际标准分类号】:19_060
【页数】:14P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


MIL-DTL-16377H, DETAIL SPECIFICATION: FIXTURES, LIGHTING; AND ASSOCIATED PARTS; SHIPBOARD USE, GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR (02 AUG 1996) [SUPERSEDES MIL-F-16377G]., This specification covers fluorescent and incandescent lighting fixtures (lights) and associated parts. used for detail and general illumination on Naval ships and boats.